Riga experiences a humid continental climate with distinct seasonal shifts, marked by freezing winters and pleasantly warm summers.

Rainfall is fairly evenly distributed throughout the year, though late summer tends to be wettest, making a waterproof layer a year-round consideration.

Temperatures range from average winter lows around -5°C to summer highs near 22°C, with occasional cold snaps dropping well below -20°C.

The Baltic Sea proximity brings persistent humidity and brisk winds that make the air feel colder than the thermometer suggests, particularly in winter and spring.

Layering is essential in Riga due to significant indoor-outdoor temperature differences, especially during the heating season from October through April.